The Courier package contains a Mail Transport Agent (MTA). This is useful for sending email to other users of your host machine. It can also be configured to be a central mail server for your domain or a mail relay agent. The Courier packages also includes a web-based email interface, IMAP, IMAP-SSL, POP3, and POP3-SSL. The configuration listed below will allow users with PAM and virtual-users in a MySQL Database access to email.
Download (HTTP): http://osdn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/courier/courier-0.43.2.tar.bz2
Download (FTP): ftp://ftp.pu.edu.tw/Unix/Mail/maildrop/courier-0.43.2.tar.bz2
Download size: 3.3 MB
Estimated Disk space required: 104 MB
Estimated build time: 2.79 SBU
Before you compile the program, you need to create users and groups that will be expected to be in place when the install script executes. Add the users and groups with the following commands:
groupadd courier && useradd -c 'Courier Mail Server' -d /dev/null -g courier -s /bin/false courier |
Install courier by running the following commands:
./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc/courier --with-piddir=/var/run \ --libexecdir=/usr/sbin --datadir=/usr/share/courier \ --localstatedir=/var/spool/courier --disable-root-check --with-db=gdbm \ --with-mailuser=courier --with-mailgroup=courier \ --enable-workarounds-for-imap-client-bugs \ --with-ispell=/usr/bin/aspell && make && make install && make install-configure |
--sysconfdir=/etc/courier: Specifies the directory where Courier's configuration files are installed.
--with-piddir=/var/run: Specifies the directory where Courier's PID files are stored when Courier is active.
--libexecdir=/usr/sbin: libexecdir contains programs and libraries that cannot be directly executed from the command-line.
--datadir=/usr/share/courier: Specifies the directory where miscellaneous shell scripts, Perl scripts, and data files will be installed.
--localstatedir=/var/spool/courier: Specifies the directory that will hold the mail queue, and other temporary data. This option defaults to the subdirectory var in the directory specified by the --prefix option.
--disable-root-check: Allows Courier to be built as the root user.
--with-db=gbbm: Courier requires either the GDBM or the DB database library. GDBM is used if both are present. This option forces the selection of the database library.
--with-mailuser=courier: All except two Courier daemons run as a non-privileged user. This option specifies the userid that Courier will install and run as.
--withmailgroup=courier: like --with-mailuser, but specifies the group ID.
--enable-workarounds-for-imap-client-bugs: there are several confirmed bugs in some IMAP clients that do not properly implement the IMAP4rev1 protocol. This option enables some workarounds for those buggy IMAP clients. NOTE: make check will fail if this option is used. You should first configure without this option, and if all post-configuration tests succeed, rerun configure with this option and recompile.
--with-ispell=/usr/bin/aspell: Courier's webmail server can use spell checking, if the aspell program is available. If configure finds ispell, spell checking is enabled. If aspell is not in the current search path, use --with-ispell=program to explicitly set the location of aspell.
/etc/courier/authmysqlrc
Make the following changes in this file if you are utilizing MySQL:
MYSQL_SERVER localhost MYSQL_USERNAME courier MYSQL_PASSWORD (your choice) MYSQL_SOCKET /tmp/mysql.sock MYSQL_PORT 3306 MYSQL_DATABASE courier-mail MYSQL_USER_TABLE users MYSQL_CLEAR_PWFIELD clear DEFAULT DOMAIN (your domain) MYSQL_QUOTA_FIELD quota |
If you utilize PAM:
cat > /etc/pam.d/esmtp << "EOF # Begin /etc/pam.d/esmtp auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass account required pam_unix.so session required pam_unix.so # End /etc/pam.d/esmtp EOF cat > /etc/pam.d/pop3 << "EOF # Begin /etc/pam.d/pop3 auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass account required pam_unix.so session required pam_unix.so # End /etc/pam.d/pop3 EOF cat > /etc/pam.d/imap << "EOF # Begin /etc/pam.d/imap auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass account required pam_unix.so session required pam_unix.so # End /etc/pam.d/imap EOF cat > /etc/pam.d/webmail << "EOF # Begin /etc/pam.d/webmail auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass account required pam_unix.so session required pam_unix.so # End /etc/pam.d/webmail EOF |
This command will create the mysql database for authentication:
mysqladmin -uroot -p[password] create courier-mail |
This command will setup the table users for the courier-mail database:
mysql -uroot -p[password] courier-mail
CREATE TABLE users (
id char(128) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
crypt char(128) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
clear char(128) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
name char(128) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
uid int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '65534' NOT NULL,
gid int(10) unsigned DEFAULT '65534' NOT NULL,
home char(255) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
quota char(255) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
KEY id (id(128))
); |
This will add the courier user that we specified earlier in the authmysql file:
mysql -uroot -p[password] mysql grant all privileges on *.* to courier@localhost identified by '[password]' with grant option; |
General Settings for Mail
You will need to create the following files with the contents specified.
/etc/courier/defaultdomain
cat > /etc/courier/defaultdomain << "EOF" [yourdomain] EOF |
/etc/courier/me
cat > /etc/courier/me << "EOF" [servername.yourdomain] EOF |
/etc/courier/locals
cat > /etc/courier/locals << "EOF" localhost [yourdomain] EOF |
/etc/courier/esmtpacceptmailfor.dir/system
cat >/etc/courier/esmtpacceptmailfor.dir/system << "EOF" localhost [yourdomain] EOF |
You will also need to edit the aliases file and change the following entry.
/etc/courier/aliases/system
postmaster: [your administrator email] |
If you want to deny access from some hosts from sending mail you will need to edit the /etc/courier/smtpaccess/default.
After the above steps are completed you will need to run the following commands:
makesmtpaccess makehosteddomains makealiases |
SMTP/SMTMP-SSL Configuration
This section will enable the SMTP Server from Courier
/etc/courier/esmtpd
ESMTPDSTART=YES |
/etc/courier/esmtpd-ssl
ESMTPDSSLSTART=YES |
POP3/POP3-SSL Configuration
This section will enable the POP3 Server from Courier
/etc/courier/pop3d
POP3DSTART=YES |
/etc/courier/pop3d-ssl
POP3DSLLSTART=YES |
IMAP/IMAP-SSL Configuration
This section will enable the IMAP Server from Courier
/etc/courier/imapd
IMAPDSTART=YES |
/etc/courierd/imapd-ssl
IMAPDSSLSTART=YES |
Creating Mail directories for System Users
This section will explain on how to create MailDirs for your system users.
cd /home/[username] maildirmake Maildir chown [username].[username] Maildir -R |
Setup for Virtual users
This section will explain how to setup Maildir for your virtual users.
echo "vmailman:x:9000:9000:Virtual Mailman:/home/vmailman:/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd echo "vmailman:x:9000:" >> /etc/group |
Now to setup the maildir for these virtual users.
cd /home/vmailman mkdir [virtual_user] cd [virtual_user] maildirmake Maildir chown vmailman.vmailman Maildir -R |
Add the virtual user to the MySQL database. You need to enter at least on version of the password either clear text or encrypted.
mysql -ucourier -p[password] courier-mail
insert into users values('[virtual_users]@[domain.com],
'[encrypted password or blank]','[clear text password or blank]',
'[User's Name]',9000,9000,'[location of Maildir]','[Quota in Bytes']); |
example
insert into users values ('blfsuser@linuxfromscratch.org','
','password','BLFS User',9000,9000,'/home/vmailman/blfsuser',''); |
Setup for Web-based Email
This section will explain how to setup Courier Web-based email system.
You will need to copy the file webmail from /usr/sbin/courier/webmail/webmail to your cgi-bin directory of your Apache server.
cp -a /usr/sbin/courier/webmail/webmail /var/www/cgi-bin |
You will then need to copy the images to a directory under your htdocs directory of your Apache server. The directory needs to be named webmail or you need to specify it during the configure phase with --enable-imageurl=/url.
cp -a /usr/share/courier/sqwebmail/images /var/www/htdocs/webmail |
Setup for Web-based Email
This section will explain how to setup Courier Web-based administration system.
You will need to copy the file webadmin from /usr/sbin/courier/webmail/webmin to your cgi-bin directory of your Apache server.
cp -a /usr/sbin/courier/webmail/webadmin /var/www/cgi-bin |
/etc/courier/webadmin/password
cat > /etc/courier/webadmin/password << "EOF" [password] EOF |
If you are not using SSL on your Apache server, you will need to add /etc/courier/webadmin/unsecureok, so you will be able to use your web based administration tool.
touch /etc/courier/webadmin/unsecureok |
The startup script from the Courier package is the easiest to use. It will automatically create missing data files, and SSL certificates if they are missing. To install the init.d file for Courier you will need to use the follow commands:
cp /usr/src/courier-0.43.2/courier.sysvinit /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier && chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/courier |
Create the symbolic links to this file in the relevant rc.d directory with the following commands:
cd /etc/rc.d/init.d && ln -sf ../init.d/courier ../rc0.d/K25courier && ln -sf ../init.d/courier ../rc1.d/K25courier && ln -sf ../init.d/courier ../rc2.d/K25courier && ln -sf ../init.d/courier ../rc3.d/S35courier && ln -sf ../init.d/courier ../rc4.d/S35courier && ln -sf ../init.d/courier ../rc5.d/S35courier && ln -sf ../init.d/courier ../rc6.d/K25courier |
The Courier package contains cancelmsg, courier-config, couriermlm, couriertls, deliverquota, dotforward, imapd, lockmail, mailbot, maildirkw, maildrop, mailq, makedat, makemime, mimegpg, preline, reformail, reformime, rmail, sendmail, testmxlookup, courier, courierfilter, courierlogger, couriertcpd, esmtpd, esmtpd-msa, esmtp-ssl, filterctl, imapd, imapd-ssl, makeacceptmailfor, makealiases, makehosteddomains, makepercentrelay, makesmtpacces, makesmtpaccess-msa, makeuserdb, makeuucpneighbors, mksmtpcert, mkimapdcert, mkpop3cert, pop3d, pop3d-ssl, pw2userdb, showconfig, showmodules, userdb, userdbpw, webgpg, authdaemon, authdaemon.mysql, authdaemon.plain, aliascombine, aliascreate, aliasexp, courierd, courierpop3d, courierpop3login, imaplogin, makedatprog, pcpd, submit, submitmkdir, webadmin, webmail, courierdsn, addcr, authend, authstate, courieresmtp, courieresmtpd, courierfax, courierdeliver, courierlocal, courieruucp, perlfilter, dupfilter.
cancelmsg removes a message from the mail queue.
couriermlm is the Courier mailing list manager.
lockmail is a helper utility for working with mailbox files..
mailbot reads an E-mail message on standard input and creates an E-mail message replying to the original message's sender..
maildirkw modifies Courier-IMAP compatible maildir message keywords.
maildrop is a replacement local mail delivery agent that includes a mail filtering language.
mailq displays a list of all messages that have not been delivered yet.
reformail program reads a message on standard input, reformats it in some way, and writes the message to standard output.
reformime is a utility for reformatting MIME messages.
sendmail command reads an E-mail message and delivers the message to its recipients. This sendmail command is part of the Courier mail server, although it attempts to emulate the behavior of the original sendmail MTA.
testmxlookup lists the names and IP addresses of mail relays that receive mail for the domain. This is useful in diagnosing mail delivery problems..
courier Courier is a modular multi-protocol E-mail transport agent. The courier command is an administrative command, and most of its options are only available to the superuser..
courierfilter commands install or uninstall global mail filters. Global mail filters are used to selectively block unwanted mail.
filterctl commands install or uninstall global mail filters. Global mail filters are used to selectively block unwanted mail.
makeacceptmailfor Build a list of domains to accept mail for from the /etc/courier/esmtpacceptmailfor.dirdirectory.
makealiases Build a list of aliases from /etc/courier/aliases or /etc/courier/aliasdir directories.
makehostedomains Build a database of hosted domains from hosteddomains .
makepercentrelay Build a list of %-relayed domains from percentrelay.dir directory.
makesmtpacces Build ESMTP server access file from /etc/courier/smtpaccess directory.
makesmtpaccess-msa Build ESMTP server access file from /etc/courier/smtpaccess directory. This esmtp list is for the MSA protocol.
makeuucpneighbors Builds a list of UUCP recipient's using /etc/courier/uucpneighbors .
showconfig Shows the current Courier configuration.
showmodules Shows the current Courier modules.
authdaemon Courier Authentication Library.